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| Fishery
Germplasm Resource and Heredity Breeding |
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Some
research works of the project of fishery resources research
in Pear River water system
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Selected
F6 red Tilapia
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Since establishment,
the subject has achieved more than 15 scientific research
projects that were National level, Provincial level, Ministry
level and CAFS level awards respectively. And among them,
the project of "Technology of artificial propagation
of pond fishes", presided by professor Zhong Lin,
won the National Invention Award. The project of "Fishery
resource research in Pearl River water system", "Study
on germplasm resource of silver carp, big head and grass
carp in Yangtze River, Pearl River and Heilong River",
as well as "Technology of artificial propagation
of giant prawn" won the second-grade prize of Agriculture
Ministry Scientific and Technological Progress. Now, the
subject is taking on more than 10 scientific research
projects from nation, province and local government. They
include: "Germplasm resource data bank of tropic
and subtropic commercial fishes", "Technology
of artificial propagation and fingering rearing of eel",
"Analysis on the chain relationship between DAF,
SCAR and QTL of growth guideline in mud carp", "Introduction
Oxyeleotris marmoratus and study on its artificial propagation
technology", "Introduction and domestication
of yellow pond turtle from Vietnam", "Germplasm
resource bank of Guangdong freshwater fish", "RAPD
genetic analysis and selection in yellow pond turtle",
and other projects such as research on artificial propagation
technology of Ptychidio jordani, Spinibarbus denticulatus,
fugu etc. and establishing the germplasm standard of largemouth
bass, mud carp, eel and so on.
The research fields
of the subject are as follow: 1£©Supervision and evaluation
of fishery resource; 2£©Aquatic diversity protection and
germplasm resource conservation; 3£©Fishery good strains
selection and technology of seed breeding.
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| Aquatic
Animal Disease Prevention and Cure |
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The subject is focused
mainly on aquatic animal disease control, such as disease
detection and diagnosis, disease developing mechanisms,
fishery drugs and immune precautions etc. By 2002, the
subject has gained 9 state,provincial,ministry level
awards and several CAFS level awards. Among them, "Prevention
techniques for hemorrhage of grass carp"won the
National Invention Award, "The technology of tissue
vaccine against hemorrhage of grass carp","The
study of Myxobolus artus in fry of grass carp","The
technology of industrialized production of attenuated
live vaccines obtained through cultured cell of grass
carp"won the second prize of Agriculture Ministry,
and "Investigations and treatment for the outbreaking
infection disease of mandarinfish"won the second
prize of Guangdong Provincial Scientific and Technological
Progress.
At present there are several important projects in proceeding,
including National Science and Techniques Project, 863
Project and Guangdong's Science Plan Projects, focusing
on studies of subunit vaccines against bacterial diseases
of cultured sea fish, and vaccines against other main
diseases of cultured fish, industrialized production
of vaccines, fresh water ecological culturing and mandarinfish
culturing techniques etc.
The research fields of the subject are as follows: 1£©Research
on basic science of fish diseases, including studies
of epidemiology, pathogenetic biology, pathology, immunology
and pharmacology. 2) Research on the forecast systems
of fish diseases, including techniques of pathogen detection
and studies on related ecological factors. 3) Research
on fish diseases, including studies on immune prevention
techniques and green fishery drugs.
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| Aquatic
Farming |
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| The aquatic farming subject
is focused mainly on the research in the field of the
theory for the technology of high-yield and high-effect
fish culture in earthen pond. The subject contributed
to the development and progress of the freshwater fishery
in Guangdong Province even in the whole country. The subject
achieved scientific research projects in aquaculture.
Among them, the project "The high yield experiment
of 10,000-mu fish pond in the Pearl River Delta"
won the second-grade National Scientific Progress Award,
and the project "The relationship between ecological
factors in the fish pond and cultured-fishes" won
the second-grade CAFS Scientific Progress Award, the project
"The techniques for eel culture in the earthen pond"
won the second-grade Provincial-level Scientific Progress
Award, the project "The mechanism of growth difference
of eel and its resolution way" won the third-grade
Agriculture Ministry's Scientific Progress Award. The
professional staffs of the subject are now bearing responsibilities
of nearly 10 research projects funded by different administrations
or divisions, including "Industrialization &
sustained use of ice fish in Xinfeng Jiang Reservoir",
"Introduction of orange massambic tilapia and hornonum
tilapia" and "Study on the production of all-male
tilapia fry & fingerling", etc. The research
fields of the subject in the coming days will be focused
on the culture capability and the healthy culture.
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| Fishery
Environment Inspection and Protection |
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The
research fields of the subject include monitor technology
of fishery eco-environment, pollution ecology and technology
of eco-environment quality management. Relied on this
subject, Fishery Environment Monitoring Center of Pearl
River Valley of Ministry of Agriculture and National Fishery
Eco-environment Field Research Station for Pearl River
Estuary were founded. Many scientific achievements have
been obtained in recent years, among them, "The study
on toxicity influence of scour for fish"won the second
grade prize of Agriculture Ministry Scientific and Technological
Progress, "Polluted status and its hazard for fishery
of Guangdong In Pearl River Valley"won the third
grade prize of Agriculture Ministry Scientific and technological
Progress. In addition to that, a set of software for Siniperca
chuatsi healthiness forecast was designed and a state
invention patent was gotten.
At present, the subject is taking
on scientific research project from nation, province and
local government, including"Research on the standard
of detection and control of pyrethroid pesticide in fisheries
water","Research on the relationship of aquatic
ecosystem and Sinipera chuatsi diseases and related
management techniques in culture pond",etc. The tasks
of fishery ecological environment monitoring include "Monitoring
fishery aquatic environment for Pearl River Estuary? “Monitoring
aquatic environment of spawning ground of Megalobrama
hoffmanni","Monitoring aquatic environment
of culture pond in Pearl River Delta", as well as
Detection on sanitary quality of aquatic product for Pearl
River Estuary"and "Fishery pollution accidents
investigation and identification",and so on.
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| Fishery
Biotechnology |
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SDS-PAGE
analysis of protein
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Microsatelite
analysis
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As
a new-born subject, fishery biotechnology had taken on
the national key tasks in science & technology, national
key fishery projects from the ministry of agriculture,
as well as provincial fund for natural science and research
programs from the CAFS in the past years . One of the
projects,"Study of expression and application of
fish growth hormone gene" won the first prize of
the CAFS Scientific and Technological Progress in 2000
years. A total of above 40 functional genes of fishes
and shrimps, such as fish growth hormone, insulin-like
growth factor, cystatin, interferon regulatory factor,
Mx protein, cyto b, cyto p450, NPY, prophenoloxidase and
lysozyme genes of shrimps have been cloned and most of
them have been registered in GenBank. Several functional
genes of fishes, shrimps and disease relative antigen
genes have been expressed successfully in both E.coli
and yeast. Applications of genetic diversity analysis
and molecular markers in mud carp, sword-tail fish and
tilapia have made progress and laid the foundation for
fish breeding and genetic supervision. The pioneer study
on mandarinfish virus disease has analyzed the nucleotide
acids of the virus and confirmed that the virus was a
kind of double-strand DNA, and a specific diagnosis method
based on molecular biology technique has also been established.
It is showed more creditable to use molecular method to
identify some of the pathogens including bacteria and
viruses. Researches on antigen relative protein genes
cloning and expression, recombinant vaccines and DNA vaccine
are also progressing successfully.
The research area of the subject include functional genes
cloning and genetic engineering expression and function
research of important aquaculture species of fishes, shrimps
and prawns; applications of biotechnology in fish diseases
research; applications of molecular markers
on fish genetic diversity and fish
breeding etc.
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| Aquatic
Laboratory Animal Science |
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The
subject is mainly focusing on inbred culture of aquatic
laboratory animals, related genetics studies, and their
standardization techniques and application. We have succeeded
in inbred culturing of swordtailfish (Xiphophorus hellori)
strains and will continue this work according to the request
of laboratory animal, so as to build a series of standardized
strains in the field of aquatic laboratory animal in China.
The subject has done pioneer work
in the field of aquatic laboratory animals in China since
1980s. With efforts of more than 10 years, one of the
strains of inbred swordtailfish has been cultured to the
23rd generation now and it shows high genetic purity tested
by RAPD and microsatellite marker techniques. This strain
is prospectus to be the first standardized strain of aquatic
laboratory animal in China. Our research work showed that
swordtailfish has extensive application prospects on the
toxicity evaluation of some pesticides, chemicals, fishery
drugs, and on the establishment of some disease models.
Besides swordtailfish, some other species such as Danio
rerio, Tanichthys atbonubes, Xiphophoru maculates,Lebistes
reticalatus, and Carassiu sauratus etc are also cultured
as promising candidates in the culture base. For the leading
role in this field, Aquatic Laboratory Animal Branch Committee
of Chinese Laboratory Animal Academy is depended on PRFRI.
The major projects we are undertaking are: (1) National
foundation program "Studies on swordtailfish as aquatic
laboratory animal" (2) Guangdong provincial key program
"The culture and application studies of swordtailfish
as laboratory animal".
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| Urban
Fishery |
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| Urban
fishery research field was set up to meet the requirement
of social development. The research area of the subject
include followings: 1) Science principle and technique
for aquaculture towards industrialization and urbanism.
2) Leisure fishery as well as related technique and economics.
3) Ornamental fishery techniques including outdoor and
indoor artificial ecosystem. At present, we start the
research work in breeding and culture of ornamental fishes,
and aim to develop the subject of leisure fishery and
aquaculture towards industrialization and urbanism. The
techniques of mini-size artificial ecosystem have come
into use in indoor aquarium and small ornamental fish
pool and have produced a marked effect. Artificial propagation
of ornamental fish will become another successful achievement
too.
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